ap european history enlightenment quiz coursenotes

Lutheran beliefs-justification by FAITH ALONE, 2 sacraments (baptism and communion), transubstantiation (only Christ's SPIRIT in bread/wine), no papal authority, Bible is most important, clergy can marry. Posted 95 THESES against indulgences on Oct. SALE OF INDULGENCES, church CORRUPTION, growing anticlericalism, the Renaissance encouraged secularism/humanism Protestant Reformation - Religious Causes

Large gap between lower and upper classes/domination by lords. Rising nation-states, Black Death diminished population Protestant Reformation - Political Causes

FRANCE emerged afterward as the dominant European power. Restated Peace of Augsburg and made CALVINISM acceptable religion. Granted for LUTHERANS, but not for Calvinists until end of the 30 Years' War.ġ648. (Age of Religious Wars) The RULER of a land determines its RELIGION. Theory of 'TABULA RASA': the mind at birth is a blank slate to be influenced by education and environmentġ555. Viewed humans as creatures of REASON and GOODWILL. Criticized absolutism and advocated rights of LIFE, LIBERTY, and PROPERTY. Basically, he ended the Italian Renaissance and tried to stop the Reformation but eventually made peace with the Lutherans Called Martin Luther to the Diet of Worms, directed Diet of Augsburg, and proclaimed the Peace of Augsburg. SACKED ROME in 1527, ending Italian Renaissance. Advocated ABSOLUTIST government as 'necessary' to control subjects. Believed that human nature was BRUTAL and CORRUPT. Wanted to urge rulers to use ruthless methods to keep out foreign conquerors of Italy. His major theory is that rulers are most successful when they inspire FEAR in the subjects. Their relationship was often tense, as the Ottomans were the LARGEST and most STABLE empire to rise after the fall of the Roman EmpireĪ Renaissance Italian political theorist. The Ottomans and the Europeans fought often for territory.

Ap european history enlightenment quiz coursenotes